Archimedes of Syracuse, c. 287 – c. 212 BC was an Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse in Sicily. He is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Considered the greatest mathematician of ancient history, and one of the greatest of all time, Archimedes anticipated modern calculus and many formulas for area. He made contributions in many other areas such as mathematics, physics, and machinery.